In a recent study, researchers discovered that great apes, including chimpanzees and bonobos, utilize physical affection such as hugs, kisses, pats, and even love bites to foster “social tolerance” and prevent unnecessary conflicts in potentially stressful situations. Lead author Jake Brooker highlighted the diverse ways in which these primates engage in positive touch, including genital touching.
The study, published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, sheds light on how these close relatives of humans maintain strong social bonds during challenging times. Brooker, a psychologist and great apes researcher at Durham University, noted that great apes use comforting contact not only after conflicts but also in other stressful scenarios.
Observing semi-wild bonobos and chimpanzees in sanctuaries in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Zambia, the researchers noticed that the primates engaged in affectionate behaviors leading up to anticipated feeding times. By exchanging contact before meals, the apes built trust, reducing the likelihood of food-related conflicts and enabling them to eat more peacefully and for longer durations.
Despite common positive touching behaviors observed in both chimpanzees and bonobos, the study revealed variations among groups. While some chimpanzee groups did not show a direct correlation between pre-snack cuddling and peaceful feeding, the findings suggest that past conflicts and group histories can influence the use of positive touch within a group.
Julie Teichroeb, a primatologist from the University of Toronto, highlighted the significance of both chimpanzees and bonobos displaying similar positive touching behaviors, despite differences in their levels of aggression towards out-group individuals. The study also found that chimpanzees engaged in wider displays of affection, including higher-risk behaviors, compared to bonobos.
In conclusion, the research emphasizes the importance of positive touch in reducing social conflict among great apes and suggests potential lessons for human behavior. Brooker noted that offering touching contact can enhance communication and bonding among friends, challenging societal norms that may discourage such interactions.
