A recent study reveals that the tuna commonly found in sandwiches is often caught using fish aggregating devices (FADs), which are drifting rafts. Unfortunately, these FADs are causing harm to coral reefs and wildlife, even within marine protected areas. Despite regulations banning fishing in these protected zones, over 1,500 FADs have intruded into them, impacting vulnerable species.
FADs are utilized to capture smaller tropical tuna species like skipjack, typically canned for consumption. These floating rafts, resembling boardroom tables, are made of wood or bamboo with plastic components. Previously, nets were utilized to attract fish but were phased out in 2025 due to entangling wildlife. Instead, ropes are now used, hanging beneath the rafts to lure fish for easier capture by fishing vessels equipped with GPS buoys and fish detectors.
Each year, approximately 100,000 FADs are released into the ocean, with 90% eventually becoming lost or abandoned. These devices can remain adrift for up to five years, causing environmental concerns when they drift into marine protected areas. The study documented over 6,000 instances of FADs stranding in 174 protected zones, damaging coral reefs and posing threats to marine life like sharks and turtles.
Efforts to mitigate FAD impacts include the development of biodegradable alternatives such as the “jelly FAD” made of bamboo and cotton. Certification programs like the Marine Stewardship Council have incentivized fishing companies to adopt sustainable practices by reducing netting and utilizing eco-friendly materials. Researchers suggest limiting the number of FADs deployed, avoiding release in high-risk areas, and promoting the retrieval of old devices to minimize environmental damage and pollution.
Collaborative initiatives between fishing fleets, environmental organizations, and regulatory bodies are crucial to address the challenges posed by FADs. Increased public awareness and ongoing research efforts aim to improve sustainability practices in tuna fishing and protect marine ecosystems from the adverse effects of FADs.
