In a recent interview with cognitive biologists Antonio Osuna-Mascaró and Alice Auersperg from the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, they shared their fascinating experience with Veronika the cow, who impressed them with her dexterous tool use abilities. Osuna-Mascaró and Auersperg were intrigued by a video showing Veronika using a branch to scratch herself, prompting them to embark on a five-hour journey to meet her in southern Austria.
Upon meeting Veronika, the researchers were amazed by her quick adaptation to using a broom for various itch-relief purposes. Their study, published in the journal Current Biology, challenges conventional beliefs about the intelligence of cows. Veronika, a 13-year-old brown Swiss cow residing in a mountain village in Austria, showcased her remarkable skills, demonstrating an unexpected level of cognitive ability.
Veronika’s owner, Witgar Wiegele, observed her initial interest in using branches for scratching nine years ago, noting her development of different techniques based on the branch’s length. When presented with a broom by the researchers, Veronika showcased her proficiency in tool use within minutes, impressing everyone present.
The researchers aimed to assess Veronika’s scratching behavior against the criteria of “flexible tooling,” which involves using an object to extend one’s reach while applying force to a target. Veronika’s adept use of the broom, switching between the bristled side for tougher areas and the handle for sensitive spots, exemplified her adaptability and intelligence.
Retired scientist Benjamin Beck, co-author of the book Animal Tool Behavior, commended Veronika’s flexible tool use, emphasizing the uniqueness of her skills among bovines. While the debate on animal tool use’s significance continues, documented instances like Veronika’s underscore the expanding recognition of such behaviors across different species, challenging previous assumptions about animal cognition.
From dolphins using shells for fishing to crows crafting tools, animals’ tool use behaviors highlight their cognitive capabilities. The evolution of understanding regarding animal tool use, as pioneered by figures like Jane Goodall, signifies a shift in perception regarding animal intelligence. Osuna-Mascaró emphasized the importance of exploring tool use in commonly underestimated species, shedding light on the cognitive richness present in animals often overlooked in research.
